Resocialisation as an Empty Promise: Why the Penal System Falls Short of its Own Aspirations Findings and Insights from Prison Climate Research in Germany

Abstract

In Germany, resocialisation is both a fundamental right of prisoners and the primary goal of the prison system. This article examines the extent to which the German prison system fulfils these requirements. To this end, it draws on data from 220 adult male prisoners and 203 members of staff from a research project that explores the social climate in two German prisons. The aim of this paper is not to contrast the two prisons with their differing conditions, histories, and locations, but to explore how “alive” or tangible the idea of resocialisation is for the people living and working in prison. Our findings demonstrate that resocialisation is more of an “empty promise” than it is a reality. Both prisons – each in its own way – ultimately falls short of implementing enshrined legal requirements and its own standards. The article illustrates how and why resocialisation efforts within these institutions fail by drawing on survey data, interviews, and observation. The reasons for the gap between ideal and reality lie in systemic constraints (in particular a lack of resources) and conflicting objectives and priorities. These dynamics result in resignation and disappointment among prisoners, while staff sometimes resort to problematic attitudes that reveal deep-seated doubts, even denial, regarding the benefits of resocialisation.